Access to clean, safe water is essential for human health, industrial processes, and environmental sustainability. However, untreated water often contains impurities such as suspended particles, microorganisms, dissolved salts, and harmful chemicals. To address these challenges, various water treatment methods have been developed, each tailored to specific needs and applications. This article provides a detailed overview […]
The world is facing an unprecedented water crisis, with 2.3 billion people living in water-stressed regions (UN-Water, 2023). Traditional “take-use-discharge” water management models are no longer sustainable. Instead, a circular water economy—where wastewater is treated, reused, and reintegrated into the water cycle—is emerging as a critical solution. From Singapore’s NEWater to California’s potable reuse projects, […]
Introduction Water scarcity, aging infrastructure, and increasing pollution have made efficient water management a global priority. Traditional water treatment methods, while effective, often lack real-time monitoring and adaptive capabilities. Enter Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT)—two transformative technologies reshaping the water treatment industry. By integrating AI-driven analytics and IoT-enabled sensors, water utilities […]